5th and 8th grade pupils’ and teachers’ perceptions of the relationships between teaching methods, classroom ethos, and positive affective attitudes towards learning mathematics in Japan

Enjoyment          ~¹

Motivation ______

Sense Ofsecurity

Sense of progress

Deployment      ___

N____

M___

SD

N____

M

SD

N____

M

SD

N

M___

SD

N____

M__

SD

PW

H

877

3.46

1.27

877

3.41

1.27

872

3.31

1.25

874

3.55

1.26

876

2.50

.92

_L___

592

3.05

1.38

592

3.05

1.40

591

3.00

1.36

590

3.15

1.36

591

2.27

.89

t=5.896, df=1467,
p<.01

t=5.179, df=1467,
p<.01

t=4.531, df=1461,
p<.01

t=5.788, df=1462,
p<.01

t=4.712,
df=1295.389, p<.01

UC

H

875

3.28

1.55

875

3.31

1.47

872

3.05

1.43

870

3.13

1.34

874

1.58

.81

J_z__

591

3.36

1.59

591

3.36

1.52

590

3.14

1.50

589

3.08

1.43

590

1.48

.79

t=.999, df=1464,
p>.05    _____ ____

t=.680, df=1464,
p>05   ___ ____

t=1.113,
df=1222.890, p>.05

t=.707, df=1457,
p>.05       ____

t=2.390,
df=1294.601, p<.05

RT

H

874

2.98

1.16

874

2.94

1.28

870

3.09

1.30

873

3.53

1.27

874

3.45

.94

J-__

591

2.63

1.18

592

2.53

1.24

591

2.76

1.33

590

3.27

1.43

590

3.37

1.01

t=5.598,
df=1256.838, p<.01

t=6.007, df=1464,
p<.01__

t=4.792, df=1459,
p<.01__________________

t=3.588,
df=1165.285, p<.01

t=1.419,
df=1198,617, p>.05

TE

H

876

3.57

1.17

877

3.51

1.22

872

3.52

1.23

875

3.99

1.09

870

3.65

1.02

J-__

592

3.22

1.28

592

3.01

1.28

591

3.14

1.30

591

3.57

1.32

588

3.56

1.09

t=5.412, df=1466,
p<.01

t=7.609, df=1467,
p<.01__

t=5.623, df=1461,
p<.01__________________

t=6.325,
df=1106.149, p<.01

t=1.593,
df=1206.068, p>.05

IW

H

877

2.94

1.31

877

3.12

1.38

873

3.24

1.35

875

3.51

1.29

868

3.51

.98

L___

592

2.89

1.34

592

2.90

1.42

591

3.08

1.44

591

3.38

1.41

590

3.46

1.03

t=.813, df=1467,
p>.05

t=3.062, df=1467,
p<.01

t=2.166, df=1462, p<.05

t=1.756,
df=1194.361, p>.05

t=1.065, df=1456,
p>.05___

IH

~H~

872

2.49

1.21

876

2.69

1.32

872

2.84

1.33

874

3.26

1.35

872

3.02

.98

L

590∣

2.36

1.27

591

2.49

1.37

591

2.62

1.42

591

3,14

1.44

591

2.57

1.05

t=1.922, df=1460,
p>.05

t=2.751, df=1465,
p<.01

t=3.000,
df=1212.340, p<.01

t=1.634, df=1463,
p>.05__________________

t=8.286,
df=1215,185, p<,01

WD

H

877

3.33

1.16

877

3.32

1.19

873

3.31

1.19

875

3.50

1.20

866

3.42

1.04

J_z__

592

2.92

1.23

592

2.87

1.27

591

2.84

1.30

591

3.08

1.35

585

3.01

1.14

t=6.438, df=1467,
p<.01

t=6.921, df=1467,
p<.01          ______

t=6.915,
df=1185.156, p<.01

t=6.179,
df=1167.956, p<.01

t=6.991, df=1449,
p<.01__________________

GD

H

877

3.28

1.20

877

3.31

1.17

873

3.28

1.16

873

3.42

1.19

868

2.51

.91

J_z__

592

2.90

1.23

592

2.84

1.28

591

2.88

1.29

591

2.95

1.24

586

2.27

.93

t=6.011, df=1467,

p<.01__________________

t=7.160,
df=1185.451, p<.01

t=6.259, df=1462,
p<.01__________________

t=7.288, df=1462,
p<.01__________________

t=4.801, df=1452,
p<.01__________________