5th and 8th grade pupils’ and teachers’ perceptions of the relationships between teaching methods, classroom ethos, and positive affective attitudes towards learning mathematics in Japan

Enjoyment____________

Motivation______________

Sense of security

Sense of progress

Deployment__ ___

N___

M___

SD

N

M

SD

N

IVI_________

SD

N____

M___

SD

N____

M__

SD

PW

H

1225

2.87

1.34

1223

2.77

1.25

1222

2.62

1.16

1222

2.83

1.20

1215

1.50

.64

_L__

868

2.74

1.40

864

2.50

1.32

859

2.39

1.24

863

2.63

1.32

865

1.29

.53

t=2.043,
df=1816.698, p<.05

t=4.701,
df=1798.335, p<,01

t=4.228,
df=1772.861, p<.01

t=3.584,
df=1745.784, p<.01

t=8.189,
df=2033.468, p<.01____

UC

~H~^

1224

3.11

1.51

1221

2.99

1.36

1219

2.68

1.25

1221

2.63

1.19

1217

1.39

.70

_L__

868

2.96

1.53

864

2.77

1.44

859

2.50

1.31

859

2.48

1.25

865

1.28

.63

t=2.287, df=2090,
p<.05___

t=3.448,
df=1787.128, p<.01

t=3.024,

df=1797,521, p<.01

t=2.723,
df=1794.730, p<.01

t=3.878,
df=1968.891, p<.01

RT

H

1224

2.67

1.16

1219

2.57

1.14

1222

2.88

1.19

1220

3.25

1.21

1210

3.04

1.11

L

867

2.52

1.22

861

2.27

1.19

859

2.67

1.30

863 j

3.01 і

1.31

862

3.03

1,21

t=2.852,
df=1809.854, p<.01

t=5.787, df=2087,
p<.01

t=3.751,
df=1738.390, p<.01

t=4.374, df=2081,
p<.01___

t=.119,
df=1759.975, p>.05

TE

H

1225

3.54

1.16

1223

3.40

1.14

1222

3.63

1.15

1221

3.99

.99

1210

4.06

.96

_L__

868

3.11

1.31

863

2.89

1.27

859

3.16

1.28

863

3.58

1.20

862

3.91

1.08

t=7.759,
df=1721.129, p<.01

t=9.429,
df=1731.843, p<.01

t=8.510,
df=1720.501, p<.01

t=8.303,
df=1618.795, p<.01

t=3.365,
df=1714.599, p<.01

IW

H

1225

3.32

1.23

1223

3.43

1.24

1222

3.63

1.24

1222

3.88

1.10

1211

3.84

.89

L___

868

3.12

1.31

863

3.18

1.34

859

3.51

1.31

863

3.67

1.23

860

3.84

.91

t=3.399,
df=1789.029, p<.01

t=4.276,
df=1760.508, p<.01

t=2.116,
df=1784.776, p<.05

t=4.018,
df=1726.000, p<.01

t=.118, df=2069,
p>.05__________________

IH

H

1225

3.06

1.28

1223

3.40

1.28

1222

3.64

1.26

1222

4.14

1.05

1208

3.30

1.05

L

868

2.82

1.37

864 j

3.04

1.42

858

3.31

1.42

862

3.87

1.25

863

2.82

1.09

t=4.152,
df=1782.397, p<.01

t=5.899,
df=1738.344, p<.01

t=5.549,
df=1699.555, p<.01

t=5.072,
df=1639.254, p<.01

t=9.942, df=2069,
p<.01__________________

WD

~H

1225

2.66

1.19

1223

2.61

1.16

1221

2.54

1.13

1222

2.63

1.11

1210

2.00

.95

__L____

868

2.38

1.23

864

2.27

1.19

859

2.22

1.13

863

2.36

1.20

856

1.66

.88

t=5.336, df=2091,
p<.01

t=6.414, df=2085,
p<.01

t=6.445, df=2078,
p<.01

t=5.340,
df=1770.648, p<.01

t=8.443, df=2064,
p<.01__________________

GD

H

1225

2.83

1.30

1222

2.80

1.26

1219

2.70

1.20

1221

2.75

1.17

1208

1.62

.81

_L__

868

2.60

1.31

864

2.52

1.27

859

2.40

1,18

863

2.44

1.20

855

1.40

.70

t=4.054, df=2091,
p<.01__________________

t=4.938, df=2084,
p<.01__________________

t=5.687, df=2076,
p<.01__________________

t=5.953,
df=1823.779, p<.01

t=6.689,
df=1981.350, p<.01