5th and 8th grade pupils’ and teachers’ perceptions of the relationships between teaching methods, classroom ethos, and positive affective attitudes towards learning mathematics in Japan

Enjoyment____________

Motivation_______________

Sense of security

Sense of progress

Deployment _____

N____

M___

SD

N

M

SD

N____

M___

SD

N____

M___

SD

N____

M___

SD

PW

H

1124

2.87

1.33

1122

2.80

1.26

1121

2.64

1.16

1121

2.86

1.21

1114

1.50

.65

_L__

968

2.74

1.40

964

2.50

1.31

959

2.40

1.23

963

2.61

1.30

965

1.31

.54

T=2.130,
df=2012.592, p<.05

t=5.197,
df=2011.118, p<.01

t=4.481,
df=1988.792, p<.01

t=4.513,
df=1981.461, p<.01

t=7.309,
df=2074.285, p<.01

UC

H

1123

3.10

1.50

1120

2.99

1.35

1118

2.67

1.25

1120

2.65

1.18

1116

1.40

.70

_L__

968

2.99

1.55

964

2.79

1.44

959

2.52

1.31

959

2.47

1.25

965

1.28

.63

t=1.670, df=2089,
p>.05__

t=3.242,
df=1994.199, p<.01

t=2.710,
df=1994.798, p<.01

t=3.241,
df=1990.617, p<.01

t=4.009,
df=2074.988, p<.01

RT

H

1123

2.68

1.16

1116

2.57

1.15

1120

2.87

1.19

1119

3.26

1.22

1112

3.05

1.11

_L__

967

2.53

1.21

963

2.31

1.18

960

2.69

1.29

963

3.03

1.29

959

3.01

1,20

t=3.003,
df=2016.538, p<.01

t=5.011, df=2077,
p<.01

t=3.428,
df=1975.281, p<.01

t=4.114, df=2080,
p<.01

t=.835,
df=1968.569, p>.05_____

TE

H

1124

3.56

1.14

1122

3.41

1.15

1121

3.64

1.15

1120

4.01

.96

1109

4.09

.95

L

968

3.13

1.31

963

2.93

1.26

959

3.19

1.27

963

3.60

1.21

962

3.89

1.08

t=7.914,

_l df=1931.555, p<.01

t=9.260, df=2083,
p<.01

t=8.366,
df=1950.275, p<.01

t=8.440, df=1823.685,
p<.01      ______

t=4.488,
df=1926.065, p<,01

IW

H

1124

3.35

1.22

1122

3.43

1.25

1121

3.64

1.24

1121

3.88

1.11

1109

3.85

.90

_L__

968

3.11

1.31

963

3.20

1.32

959

3.50

1.30

963

3.69

1.22

961

3.83

.90

t=4.359,
df=1992.128, p<.01

t=4.090, df=2083,
p<.01

t=2.487,
df=1998.292, p<.05

t=3.747,

df=1966.841, p<.01

t=.601, df=2068,
p>.05__________________

IH

H

1124

3.08

1.28

1122

3.43

1.28

1121

3.69

1.25

1121

4.15

1.04

1108

3.32

1.05

L

968

2.83

1.35

964

3.04

1.41

958 і

3.29

1.40

962

3.89

1.24

962

2.85

1.08

t=4.433,
df=2009.664, p<.01

t=6.527,
df=1965.806, p<.01

t=6.811,
df=1930.148, p<.01

t=4.963,
df=1883.018, p<.01

t=9.999, df=2068, p<.01

WD

^TΓ~

1124

2.68

1.19

1122

2.61

1.15

1120

2.55

1.12

1121

2.66

1.11

1108

2.02

.97

_L__

968

2.39

1.23

964

2.31

1.20

959

2.25

1.14

963

2,36

1.18

957

1.67

.87

t=5.439, df=2090,

L P<-01

t=5.777,
df=2007.937, p<.01

t=5.936, df=2077,
p<.01__________________

t=5.992,
df=1989.753, p<.01

t=8.575, df=2063,
p<.01__________________

GD

H

1124

2.82

1.29

1121

2.81

1.27

1118

2.70

1.19

1120

2.76

1.16

1105

1.64

.82

_L__

968

2.63

1.32

964

2.52

1.26

959

2.42

1.20

963

2.46

1.20

957

1.41

.70

t=3.367,
df=2031,571, p<.01

t=5.189, df=2083, p<.01

t=5.264, df=2075, p<.01

t=5.735,
df=2014.503, p<.01

t=6.768,
df=2059.918, p<.01