5th and 8th grade pupils’ and teachers’ perceptions of the relationships between teaching methods, classroom ethos, and positive affective attitudes towards learning mathematics in Japan

Enjoyment________

Motivation         ____

Sense of security

Sense of progress

Deployment

N____

M___

SD

N____

M___

SD

N____

M__

SD

N____

M___

SD

N____

M___

SD

PW

H

906

3.45

1.26

906

3.44

1.26

901

3.35

1.23

902

3.55

1.23

905

2.51

.93

J_r__

561

3,04

1.41

561

2.99

1.41

560

2.94

1.37

560

3.13

1.39

560

2.25

.87

T=5.896, df=1465,
P<J1___

t=6.173,
df=1089.48U)<.01

t=5.689,
df=1088.614, p<.01

t=5.966,
df=1079.715, p<.01

t=5.356,
df=1248.959, p<.01

UC

H

904

3.26

1.54

904

3.29

1.48

901

3.05

1.41

899

3.12

1.33

903

1.60

.83

JL__

560

3.39

1.61

560

3.41

1.51

559

3.14

1.53

558

3.09

1.43

559

1.43

.75

t=-1.542,
df=1143.708, p>.05

t=-1.585, df=1462,
p>.05__________________

t=1.174,
df=1114.617, p>.05

t=.489,
df=1117.347, p>.05

t=3.935,
df=1273.982, p<.01

RT

H

904

2.99

1.16

903

2.93

1.28

900

3.11

1.31

901

3.56

1.28

903

3.46

.93

L___

559

2.59

1.17

561

2.52

1.23

559

2.71

1.30

560

3.21

1.41

559

3.34

1.02

t=6.323,
df=1169.543, p<.01

t=6.161, df=1462,

p<.01__________________

t=5.633, df=1457,
p<.01__________________

t=4.866,
df=1094.716, p<,01

t=2.220,
df=1101.888, p<.05

TE

H

905

3.60

1.15

906

3.53

1.19

901

3.53

1,22

904^l

4.00∏

1.09

899

3.65

1.02

L___

561

3.16

1.29

561

2.94

1.31

560

3.09

1.31

560

3.53

1.32

557

3.55

1.10

t=6.634,
df=1084.194, p<.01

t=8.746, df=1465, p<.01

t=6.534, df=1459, p<.01

t=7.129,
df=1019.516, p<.01

t=1.688,
df=1110.972, p>.05

IW

H

906

2.97

1.29

906

3.14

1.39

902

3.23

1.35

904

3.53

1.28

897

3.53

.97

L___

561

2.83

1.36

561

2.86

1.40

560

3.09

1.45

560

3.33

1.43

559

3.42

1.04

t=1.982,
df=1139.847, p<.05

t=3.643, df=1465,
p<.01

t=1.866,
df=1120.330, p>.05

t=2.747,
df=1084.551, p<.01___

t=2.124,
df=1118.009, p<.05_____

IH

H

899

2.54

1.23

904

2.76

1.33

901

2.90

1.34

903

3.29

1.35

902

3.02

.98

L___

561

2.28

1.23

561

2.37

1.33

560

2.53

1.39

560

3.07

1.45

559

2.55

1.05

t=3.892, df=1458,
p<.01

t=5.370, df=1463,
p<.01 ______ ______

t=5.025,
df=1152,668, p<.01

t=2.976, df=1461, p<.01

t=8.536,
df=1127.447, p<.01

WD

H

906

3.34

1.15

906

3.33

1.18

902

3.29

1.19

904

3.49

1.22

894

3.37

1.07

J.__

561

2.88

1.23

561

2.83

1.28

560

2.84

1.31

560

3.08

1.34

555

3.07

1.12

t=7.264, df=1465, p<.01

t=7.621, df=1465,
p<.01__

t=6.553,
df=1096,099, p<.01

t=6.066, df=1462, p<.01

t=5.159, df=1447,
p<.01__________________

GD

H

906

3.27

1.20

906

3.30

1.18

902

3.28

1.15

902

3.38

1.19

897

2.50

.91

L

561

2.90

1.23

561

2.82

1.27

560

2.86

1.30

560

3.00

1.25

555

2.28

,93

t=5.781, df=1465,
p<.01__________________

t=7.353, df=1465,
p<.01__________________

t=6.354,
df=1078.917, p<.01

t=5.802, df=1460, p<.01

t=4.460, df=1450,
p<.01__________________