An institutional analysis of sasi laut in Maluku, Indonesia



17.3.1 Loss of the entire sasi institution

243

17.3.2 Loss of adat sasi

243

17.3.3 The erosion and loss of marine sasi

244

17.3.4 Factors influencing the activity of sasi

244

17.4

Reason for loss of sasi between 1940 and 1997

246

17.5

Results of comparative case study

247

17.5.1 Objective of sasi

248

17.5.2 Rules and regulations

249

17.5.3 Role of traditional institutions

250

17.5.4 Leadership

251

17.5.5 The boundaries

252

17.5.6 Enforcement and compliance

252

17.5.7 Externalities

253

17.6

The revival of sasi in central Maluku

254

17.7

Synthesis

255

17.8

Conclusions

257

Chapter 18 : Overall discussion and conclusions                                                          260

18.1   Adat and the definition of access rights in inshore waters                              260

18.2  Need for better marine resources management in Maluku                          260

18.3   Sasi as a management institution in Maluku: patterns of interaction                   261

18.3.1 Constitutional rules                                                                261

18.3.2 Collective-choice rules                                                             261

18.3.3 Operational rules                                                              262

18.3.4 The players in sasi                                                                 263

18.3.5 Enforcement                                                               263

18.3.6 Revision of rules                                                               264

18.3.7 Revitalization                                                                      264

18.3.8 Compliance                                                               265

18.4  Incentives to cooperate and comply                                               265

18.4.1 Incentives related to enforcement of sasi                                        265

18.4.2 Incentives related to feedback loops between the sasi institution                 266

and the community

18.4.3 Incentives related to biophysical, political and social context                     268

18.4.4 Incentives related to the structure of the fishery and its markets                 270

18.4.5 Incentives related to relationships with external agents                         271

18.5 Outcomes                                                                       271

18.5.1 Equity and efficiency of management                                        271

18.5.2 Social sustainability                                                               272

18.5.3 Biological sustainability                                                           272

18.6 The potential of sasi as a model for local management in a co-management structure 273

18.6.1 Co-management in a centralized society                                     273

18.6.2 Legal basis                                                                    274

18.6.3 Strengths of sasi                                                                    275

18.6.4 Weaknesses of sasi                                                             277

18.6.5 Relevance of sasi in the context of Maluku’s changing demography             279

18.7 Applicability of sasi                                                                      279

18.7.1 Support for revitalization of sasi as an element in co-management               280

18.7.2 Recommendations for government support of sasi                            280

18.8 Lessons from sasi that can be applied outside Maluku                               281

18.8.1 Recommendations for future research                                        282

Glossary
References

284

285

288


Appendices

ix



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