5th and 8th grade pupils’ and teachers’ perceptions of the relationships between teaching methods, classroom ethos, and positive affective attitudes towards learning mathematics in Japan

Enjoyment____________

Motivation ________

Sense Ofsecurity

Senseofprogress

Deployment

N

M

SD

N____

M___

SD

N____

M___

SD

N____

M___

SD

N____

M___

SD

PW

H

697

3.47

1.30

697

3.45

1.29

696

3.46

1.24

693

3.62

1.27

694

2.46

.94

_L__

740

3.14

1.34

740

3.09

1.36

735

2.95

1.31

739

3.18

1.32

740

2.35

.90

t=4.693, df=1435,
p<.01__________________

t=5.214, df=1435,
p<.01__________________

t=7.523, df=1429,
p<.01__________

t=6.392, df=1430,
p<.01 _______

t=2.350, df=1414.889,
p<.05 _______

UC

H

696

3.38

1.56

695

3.42

1.47

695

3.18

1.44

691

3.18

1.34

693

1.58

.82

_L___

738

3.26

1,57

739

3.27

1.51

735

3.02

1.46

736

3.07

1.39

738

1.49

.79

t=1.413, df=1432,
p>.05__________________

t=2.007, df=1432,
p<.05________ _______

t=1.984, df=1428, p<.05

t=1.502, df=1425,
p>.05 _______

t=2.175, df=1413.966, p<

RT

H

695

2.99

1.16

694

2.90

1.27

694

3.14

1.31

693

3.64

1.30

692

3.53

.97

_L__

738

2.69

1.17

740

2.64

1.26

735

2.80

1.31

738

3.23

1.35

739

3.30

.96

t=4.904, df=1427.484, p<

t=3.984, df=1432,
p<.01 _______

t=4.932, df=1427,
p<.01

t=5.822, df=1429,
p<.01

t=4.579, df=1429,
p<.01

TE

H

697

3.62

1.20

697

3.54

1.21

696

3.61

1.20

695

4.05

1.10

689

3.90

.95

_L__

739

3.23

1.23

740

3.08

1.27

736

3.14

1.28

739

3.61

1.25

736

3.35

1.07

t=6.066, df=1434,
p<.01________

t=7.101, df=1435,
p<.01 _______

t=7.023, df=1430, p<.01

t=6.971, df=1426.924,
p<.01

t=10.297, df=1418.892,
p<.01

IW

H

697

3.26

1.31

697

3.40

1.37

696

3.60

1.30

695

3.78

1.22

690

3.75

.91

L___

740

2.58

1.25

740

2,68

1.33

736

2.76

1.34

739

3.16

1.38

735

3.24

1.02

t=9.986, df=1435,
p<.01__________________

t=10.090, df=1435,
p<.01__________________

t=11.952, df=1430,
p<.01__________________

t=9.012, df=1426.545,

p<.01__________________

t=9.907, df=1419.621,

p<.01__________________

IH

H

693

2.61

1.30

695

2.89

1.36

695

2.97

1.36

695

3.45

1.33

694

2.81

1.05

L___

737

2.27

1.15

740

2.34

1,27

736

2.53

1.35

738

2.97

1.41

737

2.88

1.01

t=5.212, df=1381.261,
p<.01

t=7.909, df=1433,
d<.01 _____

t=6.131, df=1429,
p<.01 _______

t=6.711, df=1431,
p<.01 ________

t=1.280, df=1414.965,

p>.05__________________

WD

H

697

3.34

1.16

697

3.32

1.23

696

3.36

1.24

695

3.55

1.22

686

3.47

1.05

L___

740

2.98

1.21

740

2.95

1.23

736

2.88

1.22

739

3.14

1.30

731

3.05

1,11

t=5.808, df=1435,

p<.01________ ______

t=5.809, df=1435,
p<.01__

t=7.363, df=1421.295, p<

t=6.096, df=1432,
p<.01__________________

t=7.330, df=1415,
p<.01__________________

GD

H

697

3.24

1.19

697

3.26

1.22

696

3.30

1.20

695

3.42

1.21

690

2.47

.94

L___

740

3.01

1.25

740

2.99

1.23

736

2.95

1.23

737

3.08

1.22

732

2.35

.90

t=3.549, df=14535,
p<.01__________________

t=4.078, df=1435, p<.01

t=5.433, df=1430,
p<.01__________________

t=5.315, df=1430,
p<.01__________________

t=2.566, df=1405.776,

p<.01__________________